Diiron trioxide (Fe2O3)

CHEMICAL SUBSTANCE IDENTIFICATION

Chemical name                 

Diiron trioxide (Fe₂O₃) [1]

Synonyms                           

iron oxide red (1309-37-1) [1],

ferric oxide (1309-37-1, 1332-37-2) [1]
Pyrite cinders , hematite (1317-60-8)   [1, 5]

Ferric Oxide Red; Iron (III) Oxide; Iron Sesquioxide; Red Iron Oxide [6]

IUPAC name

diiron(3+) trioxidandiide [1]

CAS No

1309-37-1;

1317-60-8;

1332-37-2  [1, 5]

REACH registration number

EC No

Molecular formula              

Fe₂O₃

Substance group/chemical family

Mono constituent substance/Inorganic

Appearance

Physical state

Odour

Form

Colour

solid at 20°C and 1013 hPa

Odourless (100%)

Nanomaterial (50%), Powder (50%) [1]

red-brown, dependent upon size, shape of particles [2]

USES AND HANDLING ISSUES

Relevant identified uses

Industry uses: Pigments, Raw Material Constituent

Consumer uses: Building/construction materials not covered elsewhere, Paints and coatings  [4]

Handling considerations

Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use with adequate ventilation. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid ingestion and inhalation.
Storage:
Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. [6]

PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Molecular weight                                  

159.687 g/mol [1]

Bulk density/Specific gravity

5.25 g/cm³ @ 25 °C  [1]

pH

Particle size

EC

Melting point

1 565 °C @ 101.3 kPa  [1]

Boiling point

Flash point

Flammability

 Noncombustible, except as powder. /Hematite, red/ [4]

Vapour density

Vapour pressure

1 mm Hg @ 20C [6]

Solubility in water

insoluble: 1 µg/L @ 20 °C and pH 8  [1]  

soluble in hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid; slightly soluble in nitric acid [4]

in case of hematite ( Fe2O3): 30 - 70 mg/L @ 20 °C and pH 8 [7]

Solubility in organic solvents

Solubility in inorganic solvents

Hydrolysis

Ionicity in water

Surface tension

Dispersion properties

Explosiveness

Index of refraction

3.19, 2.91 [4]

Stability and reactivity

Chemical stability

The product is stable. [1]

Reactivity hazards

Under normal conditions of storage and use, hazardous decomposition products should not be produced. [1]

Corrosivity

Polimerization

Incompatibility with various substances

Aluminum, bromine pentafluoride, calcium hypochlorite, carbon dioxide, cesium carbide, ethylene oxide, hydrazine, performic acid. [5]

Special remarks on reactivity

Under normal conditions of storage and use, hazardous reactions will not occur. [1]

Physical, chemical and biological coefficient

Koc

Kow

pKa

log Kp

Henry-constant

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND BEHAVIOUR

Artificial pollution sources

General terrestrial fate

General aquatic fate

General atmospheric fate

General persistence and degradability

Abiotic degradation and metabolites

Biodegradation and metabolites

Bioconcentration

Volatilization

Photolysis

Hydrolysis

Soil adsorption and mobility

ENVIRONMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS

Measured data

Hematite is one of the most abundant minerals on Earth's surface and in the shallow crust. It is an iron oxide with a chemical composition of Fe2O3. It is a common rock-forming mineral found in sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous rocks as a primary mineral and as an alteration product. Hematite is the most important ore of iron.

ECOTOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

General adverse effects on ecosystem

Acute toxicity (LC50, EC50)

Aquatic systems

LC50 ( 5 days) 50 g/L (freshwater fish)

EC50 (48 h) 100 mg/L (aquatic invertebrate)

EC50 (3 h) 10 g/L (microorganisms)  [1]

LC50 (4 days) 410  µg/L (freshwater fish) [7]

EC50 / LC50 320 µg/L (freshwater invertebrates) [7]

EC50 (3 h) 1.9 g/L (microorganisms) [7]

Terrestrial systems

No hazard identified [1]

Chronic toxicity (NOEC, LOEC)

Aquatic systems

NOEC 130 µg/L (freshwater fish) [7]

NOEC 21 mg/L (freshwater invertebrates) [7]

Terrestrial systems

NOEC 13 mg/kg food (birds) [7]

HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS and PROTECTION

Routes of human exposures

inhalation, eye, dermal, oral [1]

General effects

Endocrine disruption

Mutagenicity

Carcinogenicity

Reprotoxicity

Teratogenicity

Skin, eye and respiratory irritations

Metabolism:

absorption, distribution & excretion

Exposure limits

Workers:

DNEL 10 mg/m³ (long term inhalation exposure, repeated dose toxicity) [1]

DNEL 180 µg/m³ (acute short term inhalation exposure) [7]

General population:

DNEL 90 µg/m³ (acute short term inhalation exposure) [7]

DNEL 2.6 µg/kg bw/day (acute long term, eye exposure) [7]

DNEL 610 ng/kg bw/day (acute short term, eye exposure) [7]

US health exposure limits (NIOSH):

PEL(Permissible): TWA 10 mg/m3

REL(Recommended: TWA 5 mg/m3

IDLH (Immediate danger): 2500 mg/m3 [3]

Drinking water MAC

Other information

Animal toxicity data

Acute toxicity (LD50)

LD50 5 000 - 10 000 mg/kg bw (rat) (oral)

Discriminating conc. (4 h) 5.05 mg/L air (rat) (inhalation) [1]

LD50 14.6 mg/kg bw (rat) (oral exposure) [7]

LC50 (60 min) 2.2 mg/L air (rat) (inhalation) [7]

Chronic toxicity (NOEL, LOEL)

NOAEC 4.7 mg/m³ (subchronic, rat)(inhalation, repeated dose toxicity) [1]

NOAEL: 62.5 ppm (rat) (oral, repeated dose toxicity) [7]

ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS

EINECS regulation

OSHA regulations etc.

OTHER INFORMATION, SPECIAL REMARKS

Classification and proposed labelling with regard to toxicological data

According to the classification provided by companies to ECHA in REACH registrations this substance is toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.

Additionally, the classification provided by companies to ECHA in CLP notifications identifies that this substance causes serious eye irritation, causes skin irritation and may cause respiratory irritation.

CREATED, LAST UPDATE

Created

2019. 04. 16

Last update

2019. 04. 17

REFERENCES

[1] ECHA, European Chemical Agency, Diiron Trioxide, https://echa.europa.eu/hu/brief-profile/-/briefprofile/100.013.790, https://echa.europa.eu/hu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/15552/1, Accessed 2019.04.16

[2] Toxnet, HSDB, Ferric oxide, https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/a?dbs+hsdb:@term+@DOCNO+452,  Accessed 2019.04.16

[3] NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. Iron oxide dust and fume (as Fe), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0344.html, Accessed 2019.04.16

[4] PubChem, Hematite https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/hematite#section=Melting-Point,  Accessed 2019.04.16

[5] CHembk , CAS database, Ferric oxide, https://www.chembk.com/en/chem/diiron%20trioxide, Accessed 2019.04.17

[6] Molbase, Compound Encyclopedia, ferric oxide 1309-37-1 MSDS http://www.molbase.com/en/msds_1309-37-1-moldata-1543870.html#tabs, Accessed 2019.04.17

[7] ECHA, European Chemical Agency, Hematite, https://echa.europa.eu/hu/brief-profile/-/briefprofile/100.013.888, Accessed 2019.04.17