CHEMICAL SUBSTANCE DATASHEET
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CHEMICAL SUBSTANCE IDENTIFICATION |
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Chemical name |
Sodium chloride[1] |
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Synonyms |
Halite, Table salt [1,2] |
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IUPAC name |
sodium chloride [1] |
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CAS No |
7647-14-5 |
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REACH registration number |
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EC No |
231-598-3 |
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Molecular formula |
ClNa [1] |
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Substance group/chemical family |
Mono constituent substance/ Inorganic [1] |
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Appearance Physical state Odour Form Colour |
Solid (100%) at 20°C and 1013 hPa Crystalline (100%)
Colorless and transparent or translucent when in large crystals white |
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USES AND HANDLING ISSUES |
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Relevant identified uses |
This substance is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, inks and toners, leather treatment products, textile treatment products and dyes, paper chemicals and dyes, water treatment chemicals, metal surface treatment products, coating products and non-metal-surface treatment products. This substance is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging, health services and scientific research and development. This substance is used for the manufacture of: textile, leather or fur, pulp, paper and paper products, chemicals, mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement) and electrical, electronic and optical equipment. This substance is used in the following activities or processes at workplace: transfer of chemicals, transfer of substance into small containers, closed batch processing in synthesis or formulation, mixing in open batch processes, treatment of articles by dipping and pouring, closed, continuous processes with occasional controlled exposure, industrial spraying, roller or brushing applications and calendering operations. [1] |
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Handling considerations |
ECHA has no data from registration dossiers on the precautionary measures for using this substance. [1] Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. Do not let product enter drains. Bacteriostatic sodium chloride injections should be protected from freezing. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. [2] |
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PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES |
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Molecular weight |
58.44 g/mol [2] |
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Bulk density/Specific gravity |
Relative density: 2.163 (@20°C) [1] |
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pH |
6.7 to 7.3, its aqueous solution is neutral [2] |
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Particle size |
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EC |
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Melting/Freezing point |
801 °C @ 101.325 kPa [1] |
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Boiling point |
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Flash point |
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Flammability |
Non flammable (100%) [1] |
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Vapour density |
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Vapour pressure |
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Solubility in water |
317 g/L @ 20 °C [1] |
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Solubility in organic solvents |
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Solubility in inorganic solvents |
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Hydrolysis |
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Ionicity in water |
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Surface tension |
73.03 mN/m @ 14.5 g/L and 23 °C [1] |
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Dispersion properties |
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Explosiveness |
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Other properties |
Non oxidising (100%) [1] Viscosity of saturated aqueous solution = 1.93 mPa-s [2] |
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Stability and reactivity |
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Chemical stability |
Stable under recommended storage conditions. [2] |
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Reactivity hazards |
It is generally unreactive. Releases gaseous hydrogen chloride if mixed with a concentrated nonvolatile acid such as sulfuric acid. [2] It is rapidly attacked by bromine trifluoride. [2] Electrolysis of sodium chloride in presence of nitrogenous compounds to produce chlorine may lead to formation of explosive nitrogen trichloride. [2] |
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Corrosivity |
corrosive to base metals [2] |
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Polimerization |
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Incompatibility with various substances |
Sodium chloride extinguishant should not be used on lithium fires since the reaction releases sodium and results in a more violent fire. [2] |
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Special remarks on reactivity |
When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of hydrochloric acid and disodium oxide. [2] |
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Physical, chemical and biological coefficient |
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Koc |
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Kow |
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pKa |
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log Kp |
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Henry-constant |
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ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND BEHAVIOUR |
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Artificial pollution sources |
Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, in processing aids at industrial sites, formulation of mixtures, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), formulation in materials, of substances in closed systems with minimal release and manufacturing of the substance. [1] |
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General terrestrial fate |
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General aquatic fate |
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General atmospheric fate |
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General persistence and degradability |
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Abiotic degradation and metabolites |
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Biodegradation and metabolites |
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Bioconcentration |
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Volatilization |
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Photolysis |
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Hydrolysis |
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Soil adsorption and mobility |
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ENVIRONMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS |
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Measured data |
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ECOTOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION |
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General adverse effects on ecosystem |
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Acute toxicity (LC50, EC50) |
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Aquatic systems |
LC50: 5840 mg/L (freshwater fish, 4 days) [1] EC50 / LC50: 1900 mg/L (freshwater invertebrates) [1] EC50: 2430 mg/L (freshwater algae, 5 days) [1] EC50: 6870 mg/L (freshwater plants) [1] |
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Terrestrial systems |
EC50 / LC50: 3296 mg/kg soil dw (terrestrial macroorganisms except arthropods) [1]LD50: 8 900 mg/kgsoil dw (terrestrial arthropods, 24 h) [1] EC50 / LC50: 500.8 mg/kg soil dw (terrestrial plants) [1] EC50 / LC50: 3000 mg/kg food (birds) [1] |
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Chronic toxicity (NOEC, LOEC) |
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Aquatic systems |
EC10 / LC10 or NOEC: 252 mg/L (freshwater fish, 33 days) [1] EC10 / LC10 or NOEC: 314 mg/L (freshwater invertebrates) [1] EC10 or NOEC: 5000 mg/L (microorganisms) [1] |
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Terrestrial systems |
EC10 / LC10 / NOEC: 3.507 g/kg soil dw (terrestrial macroorganisms except arthropods) EC10 / LC10 / NOEC: 243 mg/kg soil dw (terrestrial plants) [1] |
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HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS and PROTECTION |
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Routes of human exposures |
General population may be exposed to sodium chloride via ingestion of food and drinking water, and dermal contact with consumer products containing sodium chloride. [2] Occupational exposure to sodium chloride may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where sodium chloride is produced or used. [2] |
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General effects |
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Endocrine disruption |
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Mutagenicity |
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Carcinogenicity |
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Reprotoxicity |
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Teratogenicity |
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Skin, eye and respiratory irritations |
Skin: No adverse effect observed (not irritating) Skin sensitisation: No adverse effect observed (not sensitising) Eye: Adverse effect observed (irritating) [1] |
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Metabolism: absorption, distribution & excretion |
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Exposure limits |
DNEL: 2 068.62 mg/m³ (workers, inhalation, long term, systemic effects, repeated dose toxicity) [1] DNEL: 2 068.62 mg/m³ (workers, inhalation, acute/short term, systemic effects, repeated dose toxicity) [1] DNEL: 295.52 mg/kg bw/day (workers, dermal, long term, systemic effects, repeated dose toxicity) [1] DNEL: 295.52 mg/kg bw/day (workers, dermal, acute/short term, systemic effects, repeated dose toxicity) [1] DNEL: 443.28 mg/m³ (general population, inhalation, long term, systemic effects, repeated dose toxicity) [1] DNEL: 443.28 mg/m³ (general population, inhalation, acute/short term, systemic effects, repeated dose toxicity) [1] DNEL: 126.65 mg/kg bw/day (general population, dermal, long term, systemic effects, repeated dose toxicity) [1] DNEL: 126.65 mg/kg bw/day (general population, dermal, acute/short term, systemic effects, repeated dose toxicity) [1] DNEL: 126.65 mg/kg bw/day (general population, oral, long term, systemic effects, repeated dose toxicity) [1] DNEL: 126.65 mg/kg bw/day (general population, oral, acute/short term, systemic effects, repeated dose toxicity) [1] |
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Drinking water MAC |
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Other information |
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Animal toxicity data |
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Acute toxicity (LD50) |
LD50 3 980 mg/kg bw (rat, oral) [1] LD50 4000 mg/kg bw (mouse, oral) [2] |
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Chronic toxicity (NOEL, LOEL) |
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ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS |
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| REACH/CLP |
According to the notifications provided by companies to ECHA in REACH registrations no hazards have been classified. Additionally, the classification provided by companies to ECHA in CLP notifications identifies that this substance causes serious eye irritation. [1] According to CLP notifications: H319: Causes serious eye irritation. |
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EINECS regulation |
̵listed on EINECS (European INventory of Existing Commercial chemical Substances) List [1] |
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OSHA regulations etc. |
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OTHER INFORMATION, SPECIAL REMARKS |
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Classification and proposed labelling with regard to toxicological data |
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CREATED, LAST UPDATE |
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Created |
2019. 12. 09 |
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Last update |
2019. 12. 09 |
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REFERENCES |
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[1] ECHA, Sodium chloride, https://echa.europa.eu/hu/brief-profile/-/briefprofile/100.028.726, Accessed 2019. 12. 09 [2] Pubchem, Sodium chloride (Compound), https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Sodium-chloride, Accessed 2019. 12. 09 |
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