Ammonium sulphate

Source of the photo
https://echa.europa.eu/hu/brief-profile/-/briefprofile/100.029.076
Author of the description
VE

 

CHEMICAL SUBSTANCE DATASHEET

 

CHEMICAL SUBSTANCE IDENTIFICATION

Chemical name                 

Ammonium sulphate

Synonyms                           

Sulfuric acid ammonium salt [1], Ammonium sulphate [2]

IUPAC name

diammonium sulfate [1]

CAS No

7783-20-2

REACH registration number

 

EC No

231-984-1

Molecular formula              

H8N2O4S

Substance group/chemical family

Mono constituent substance/ Inorganic [1]

Appearance

Physical state

Odour

Form

Colour

Solid (100%)  at 20°C and 1013 hPa

 

Odourless

Solid: crystalline (100%)

white

USES AND HANDLING ISSUES

Relevant identified uses

This substance is used in the following products: pH regulators and water treatment products, fertilisers, leather treatment products, paper chemicals and dyes, textile treatment products and dyes and laboratory chemicals. This substance has an industrial use resulting in manufacture of another substance (use of intermediates).

This substance is used in the following areas: formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging and agriculture, forestry and fishing. This substance is used for the manufacture of: chemicals and mineral products (e.g. plasters, cement).

This substance is used in the following activities or processes at workplace: transfer of chemicals, mixing in open batch processes, closed batch processing in synthesis or formulation, closed, continuous processes with occasional controlled exposure, transfer of substance into small containers, closed processes with no likelihood of exposure and batch processing in synthesis or formulation with opportunity for exposure. [1]

Handling considerations

ECHA has no data from registration dossiers on the precautionary measures for using this substance [1]

Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Store in a dry area separated from strong bases. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. [2]

PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Molecular weight                                  

132.14 g/mol [2]

Bulk density/Specific gravity

1.77 @ 25 °C (relative density) [1]

pH

5.5 (0.1 M aqueous solution) [2]

Particle size

 

EC

 

Melting/Freezing point

280 °C (decomposes) [2]

Boiling point

 

Flash point

 

Flammability

Not classified (100%) [1]

Vapour density

 

Vapour pressure

0 Pa @ 25 °C [1]

Solubility in water

Sinks and dissolves in water [2]

Solubility in organic solvents

insoluble in ethanol [2]

Solubility in inorganic solvents

 

Hydrolysis

 

Ionicity in water

 

Surface tension

 

Dispersion properties

 

Explosiveness

 Non-explosive (100%) [1]

Other properties

 

Stability and reactivity

Chemical stability

Stable under recommended storage conditions. [2]

Reactivity hazards

May explode if mixed with oxidizers, such as potassium nitrate, potassium nitrite and potassium chlorate [2]

Corrosivity

 

Polimerization

 

Incompatibility with various substances

Strong oxidizing agents, strong bases. [2]

Special remarks on reactivity

Non oxidising (100%) [1]

When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of /sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and ammonia [2]

Physical, chemical and biological coefficient

Koc

 

Kow

Log Kow (Log Pow): -5.1 @ 25 °C [1]

pKa

 

log Kp

 

Henry-constant

 

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND BEHAVIOUR

Artificial pollution sources

Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), in the production of articles, in processing aids at industrial sites, as processing aid, of substances in closed systems with minimal release and formulation of mixtures. Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners). [1]

General terrestrial fate

 

General aquatic fate

 

General atmospheric fate

 

General persistence and degradability

 

Abiotic degradation and metabolites

 

Biodegradation and metabolites

 

Bioconcentration

 

Volatilization

 

Photolysis

 

Hydrolysis

 

Soil adsorption and mobility

 

ENVIRONMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS

Measured data

 

ECOTOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION

General adverse effects on ecosystem

Acute toxicity (LC50, EC50)

Aquatic systems

LC50: 53 mg/L (freshwater fish, 4 days)[1]

EC50 / LC50: 169 mg/L (freshwater invertebrates, 48 h) [1]

EC50: 2700m g/L, (aquatic algae and cyanobacteria 18 days) [1]

EC50: 1605 mg/L, (aquatic algae and cyanobacteria 5 days) [1]

Terrestrial systems

EC50 / LC50: 201 mg/kg soil dw (terrestrial macroorganisms except arthropods, 14 days) [1]

 

Chronic toxicity (NOEC, LOEC)

Aquatic systems

EC10 / LC10 or NOEC:   5.29 mg/L (freshwater fish,  30 days) [1]

EC10 / LC10 or NOEC: 3.12 mg/L (freshwater invertebrates, 70 days) [1]

EC10:  660 - 3 120 µg/L (sediment toxicity, 70 days) [1]

Terrestrial systems

NOEC: 626 mg/kg soil dw (terrestrial plants, 84 days) [1]

LOEC: 1880 mg/kg soil dw (terrestrial plants, 84 days) [1]

HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS and PROTECTION

Routes of human exposures

 

General effects

 

Endocrine disruption

 

Mutagenicity

 

Carcinogenicity

 

Reprotoxicity

Effect on fertility:  No adverse effect observed (NOAEL 1500 mg/kg bw/day (subacute, rat, oral) [1]

Effect on developmental toxicity: No adverse effect observed (NOAEL 1500 mg/kg bw/day (subacute, rat) [1]

Teratogenicity

 

Skin, eye and respiratory irritations

Skin: No adverse effect observed (not irritating) [1]

Eye: No adverse effect observed (not irritating) [1]

Respiratory: No study available [1]

Skin sensitisation: No adverse effect observed (not sensitising) [1]

Respiratory sensitisation: No adverse effect observed (not sensitising) [1]

May cause mild skin irritation. May cause mild eye irritation. [2]

Metabolism:

absorption, distribution & excretion

 

Exposure limits

DNEL: 11.167 mg/m³ mg/m³ (workers, inhalation, long term, systemic effects, repeated dose toxicity) [1]

DNEL: 1.667 mg/m³ (general population, inhalation, long term, systemic effects, repeated dose toxicity) [1]

DNEL: 42.667 mg/kg bw/day (workers, dermal exposure, long term, systemic effects, repeated dose toxicity) [1]

DNEL: 12.8 mg/kg bw/day (general population, dermal exposure, long term, systemic effects, repeated dose toxicity) [1]

DNEL:  6.4 mg/kg bw/day (general population, oral exposure, long term, systemic effects, repeated dose toxicity) [1]

Drinking water MAC

 

Other information

Genotoxicity:

Toxicity – InVitro No adverse effect observed (negative) [1]

Toxicity – InVivo No adverse effect observed (negative) [1]

Animal toxicity data

Acute toxicity (LD50)

LD50: 4 250 mg/kg bw  (rat, oral route) Adverse effect observed [1]

LC50: 1 000 mg/m³ (rat, inhalation route) No adverse effect observed [1]

LD50: 2 000 mg/kg bw (rat, dermal route) [1]

Chronic toxicity (NOEL, LOEL)

NOAEL: 256 mg/kg bw/day (chronic, rat, oral route - systemic effects)- Adverse effect observed

NOAEC:  300 mg/m³ (subacute, rat, inhalation route - systemic effects) - No adverse effect observed

ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS

REACH/CLP

Danger! According to the classification provided by companies to ECHA in REACH registrations this substance causes severe skin burns and eye damage and causes serious eye damage. [1]

Additionally, the classification provided by companies to ECHA in CLP notifications identifies that this substance causes serious eye irritation, is harmful if swallowed, causes skin irritation and may cause respiratory irritation. [1]

According to REACH registrations:

H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage H318: Causes serious eye damage [1]

According to CLP notifications:

H319: Causes serious eye irritation H315: Causes skin irritation. H335: May cause respiratory irritation. H302: Harmful if swallowed. H411: Toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects. [1]

EINECS regulation

̵listed on EINECS (European INventory of Existing Commercial chemical Substances) List [1]

OSHA regulations etc.

 

OTHER INFORMATION, SPECIAL REMARKS

Classification and proposed labelling with regard to toxicological data

 

CREATED, LAST UPDATE

Created

2019. 12. 12

Last update

2020. 05. 11

REFERENCES

[1] ECHA, Ammonium sulphate, https://echa.europa.eu/hu/brief-profile/-/briefprofile/100.029.076 , Accessed 2020. 05. 11

[2] Pubchem, Ammonium sulfate, https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Ammonium-sulfate , Accessed 2019. 12. 13