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deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; water pollution; pollution from oil production wastes in ecologically sensitive areas of the Amazon Basin and Galapagos Islands | |
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agricultural land being lost to urbanization and windblown sands; increasing soil salination below Aswan High Dam; desertification; oil pollution threatening coral reefs, beaches, and marine habitats; other water pollution from agricultural pesticides, raw sewage, and industrial effluents; limited natural fresh water resources away from the Nile, which is the only perennial water source; rapid growth in population overstraining the Nile and natural resources | |
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deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution; contamination of soils from disposal of toxic wastes | |
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tap water is not potable; deforestation | |
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deforestation; desertification; soil erosion; overgrazing; loss of infrastructure from civil warfare | |
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air polluted with sulfur dioxide from oil-shale burning power plants in northeast; however, the amount of pollutants emitted to the air have fallen steadily, the emissions of 2000 were 80% less than in 1980; the amount of unpurified wastewater discharged to water bodies in 2000 was one-20th the level of 1980; in connection with the start-up of new water purification plants, the pollution load of wastewater decreased; Estonia has more than 1,400 natural and manmade lakes, the smaller of which in agricultural areas need to be monitored; coastal seawater is polluted in certain locations | |
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deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification; water shortages in some areas from water-intensive farming and poor management | |
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NA | |
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2032.html?countryName=&countryCode=®ionCode=2